This is a straight forward guide for people who want to safely upgrade PostgreSQL Version 9.5 to 9.6.
First take a snapshot or save the entire virtual machine.pkg info | grep sql
php70-pdo_pgsql-7.0.14 The pdo_pgsql shared extension for php
php70-pgsql-7.0.14 The pgsql shared extension for php
postgresql95-client-9.5.5_1 PostgreSQL database (client)
postgresql95-server-9.5.5_1 PostgreSQL is the most advanced open-source database available anywhere
Show Versions of the PostgreSQL databases
/usr/local/bin/psql -U pgsql -d dbwnk2016 -t --command "show server_version"
9.5.5
List all databases
psql -U pgsql -d dbwnk2016 -l
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-------------+-------+----------+---------+-------+-------------------
postgres | pgsql | UTF8 | C | C |
template0 | pgsql | UTF8 | C | C | =c/pgsql +
template1 | pgsql | UTF8 | C | C | =c/pgsql +
dbwnk2016 | pgsql | UTF8 | C | C |
(4 rows)
In our case we only need to upgrade database "dbwnk2016".
/usr/local/bin/pg_dump --create --encoding=UTF8 --column-inserts --dbname=dbwnk2016 \
--format=p --inserts --username=pgsql \
--file=/usr/local/www/wnk20170106.sql
Check size of the exported data and ddl
ls -altr /usr/local/www/*.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1370834115 Jan 6 12:56 /usr/local/www/wnk20170106.sql
At the time of writing the default version for postgreSQL was version 9.3. However, we need version 9.6.
vi /usr/ports/Mk/bsd.default-versions.mk
Change the following values
# Possible values: 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6 PGSQL_DEFAULT?= 9.6service postgresql stop
pkg delete -fy postgresql95-client-9.5.5_1
Updating database digests format: 100%
Checking integrity... done (0 conflicting)
Deinstallation has been requested for the following 1 packages (of 0 packages in the universe):
Installed packages to be REMOVED:
postgresql95-client-9.5.5_1
Number of packages to be removed: 1
The operation will free 10 MiB.
[1/1] Deinstalling postgresql95-client-9.5.5_1...
[1/1] Deleting files for postgresql95-client-9.5.5_1: 100%
pkg delete -fy postgresql95-server-9.5.5_1
Checking integrity... done (0 conflicting)
Deinstallation has been requested for the following 1 packages (of 0 packages in the universe):
Installed packages to be REMOVED:
postgresql95-server-9.5.5_1
Number of packages to be removed: 1
The operation will free 18 MiB.
[1/1] Deinstalling postgresql95-server-9.5.5_1...
[1/1] Deleting files for postgresql95-server-9.5.5_1: 100%
==> You should manually remove the "pgsql" user.
==> You should manually remove the "pgsql" group
We save to old environment data
mv /usr/local/pgsql /usr/local/pgsql.old; ls -altr /usr/local/pgsql.old
total 28
-rw------- 1 pgsql pgsql 179 Dec 11 11:05 pg_upgrade_server.log
-rw------- 1 pgsql pgsql 179 Dec 11 11:05 pg_upgrade_utility.log
-rw------- 1 pgsql pgsql 326 Dec 11 11:05 pg_upgrade_internal.log
drwxr-xr-x 3 pgsql pgsql 512 Dec 11 11:05 .
-rw------- 1 pgsql pgsql 246 Dec 11 11:18 .psql_history
drwx------ 19 pgsql pgsql 1024 Dec 11 11:38 data
drwxr-xr-x 17 root wheel 512 Dec 11 11:39 ..
The installation of the PostgreSQL server software also installs the PostgreSQL client
portsnap fetch update
cd /usr/ports/databases/postgresql96-server/ && make install clean
Installing postgresql96-server-9.6.1_1...
===> Creating groups.
Creating group 'postgres' with gid '770'.
===> Creating users
Creating user 'postgres' with uid '770'.
=========== BACKUP YOUR DATA! =============
As always, backup your data before
upgrading. If the upgrade leads to a higher
minor revision (e.g. 8.3.x -> 8.4), a dump
and restore of all databases is
required. This is *NOT* done by the port!
===========================================
For procedural languages and postgresql functions, please note that
you might have to update them when updating the server.
If you have many tables and many clients running, consider raising
kern.maxfiles using sysctl(8), or reconfigure your kernel
appropriately.
The port is set up to use autovacuum for new databases, but you might
also want to vacuum and perhaps backup your database regularly. There
is a periodic script, /usr/local/etc/periodic/daily/502.pgsql, that
you may find useful. You can use it to backup and perform vacuum on all
databases nightly. Per default, it performs `vacuum analyze'. See the
script for instructions. For autovacuum settings, please review
~pgsql/data/postgresql.conf.
If you plan to access your PostgreSQL server using ODBC, please
consider running the SQL script /usr/local/share/postgresql/odbc.sql
to get the functions required for ODBC compliance.
Please note that if you use the rc script,
/usr/local/etc/rc.d/postgresql, to initialize the database, unicode
(UTF-8) will be used to store character data by default. Set
postgresql_initdb_flags or use login.conf settings described below to
alter this behaviour. See the start rc script for more info.
To set limits, environment stuff like locale and collation and other
things, you can set up a class in /etc/login.conf before initializing
the database. Add something similar to this to /etc/login.conf:
---
postgres:\
:lang=en_US.UTF-8:\
:setenv=LC_COLLATE=C:\
:tc=default:
---
and run `cap_mkdb /etc/login.conf'.
Then add 'postgresql_class="postgres"' to /etc/rc.conf.
======================================================================
To initialize the database, run
/usr/local/etc/rc.d/postgresql initdb
You can then start PostgreSQL by running:
/usr/local/etc/rc.d/postgresql start
For postmaster settings, see ~pgsql/data/postgresql.conf
NB. FreeBSD's PostgreSQL port logs to syslog by default
See ~pgsql/data/postgresql.conf for more info
======================================================================
To run PostgreSQL at startup, add
'postgresql_enable="YES"' to /etc/rc.conf
===> SECURITY REPORT:
This port has installed the following files which may act as network
servers and may therefore pose a remote security risk to the system.
/usr/local/bin/postgres
This port has installed the following startup scripts which may cause
these network services to be started at boot time.
/usr/local/etc/rc.d/postgresql
If there are vulnerabilities in these programs there may be a security
risk to the system. FreeBSD makes no guarantee about the security of
ports included in the Ports Collection. Please type 'make deinstall'
to deinstall the port if this is a concern.
For more information, and contact details about the security
status of this software, see the following webpage:
http://www.postgresql.org/
===> Cleaning for postgresql96-client-9.6.1
===> Cleaning for postgresql96-server-9.6.1_1
/usr/local/etc/rc.d/postgresql initdb
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.
The database cluster will be initialized with locale "C".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".
Data page checksums are disabled.
creating directory /var/db/postgres/data96 ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting default max_connections ... 100
selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
creating configuration files ... ok
running bootstrap script ... ok
performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok
WARNING: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or
--auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.
Success. You can now start the database server using:
/usr/local/bin/pg_ctl -D /var/db/postgres/data96 -l logfile start
Let's start the database
service postgresql start
LOG: ending log output to stderr
HINT: Future log output will go to log destination "syslog".
su postgres
psql -f /usr/local/www/wnk20170106b.sql > /var/log/wnk20170106.log
psql -l dbwnk2016
shutdown -r now
After successful upgrade you should delete the snapshot of the virtual machine and delete the files in /usr/local/pgsql.old.
Published: May 13, 2019
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